Racionalidad, instituciones y arenas de acción
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35305/rr.v2i4.65Palabras clave:
Arenas de acción, Bienes colectivos, Elección racional, Expectativas, InstitucionesResumen
La teoría de la elección racional es hoy en día el referente de análisis de mayor influencia en las ciencias sociales, pero muchos de sus supuestos son considerados inapropiados y son materia de debate. Esa crítica ha dado espacio a concepciones que han ajustado los parámetros de la teoría. Este trabajo sostiene que el Institutional Analysis and Development Framework de Ostrom, y el concepto de arenas de acción que implica, son de enorme utilidad frente a los déficits de aquella teoría. Con ese fin analiza, primero, los supuestos básicos y controvertidos de la teoría de la elección racional. En segundo lugar, identifica la tensión entre racionalidad individual tradicional y bienes públicos en términos de la teoría de juegos según el dilema del prisionero. Se muestran sus dificultades predictivas y en especial el papel central de las instituciones para resolver la aparente paradoja que el dilema implica. Finalmente, analizo la estructura de las arenas de acción con objeto de confirmar su utilidad conceptual para comprender la diversidad del comportamiento, la posibilidad de soluciones conjuntas a problemas comunes y el complejo vínculo entre instituciones y racionalidad.
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